* Marginalia as a Learning Technique: A specific method of marginalia is proposed: summarize each paragraph in one sentence. For paragraphs after the second, the first summary sentence should encompass all preceding paragraphs, forcing connections between ideas. * Speed Reading is Ineffective: Scientific studies, including those by NASA, consistently demonstrate that speed reading techniques do not improve comprehension or retention. They are essentially scams. * The Summarization Method Improves Retention and Efficiency: This active summarization method, though initially time-consuming, ultimately saves time by improving comprehension and reducing the need for later cramming. It leads to better grades with less stress. * Effective Reading Requires Active Engagement: Passive reading, where you simply scan the text, leads to poor retention. Active engagement with the semantic content (meaning) is crucial for understanding and recall. * Thinking Through Material is Key to Retention: The act of actively processing and thinking through the meaning of information is the key to absorbing and remembering it. The example of remembering the definition of economics illustrates this point.