This video demonstrates thematic analysis in qualitative research using Microsoft Word and Excel. A macro extracts coded comments (using Word's comment feature) from transcripts. Codes are drawn from a codebook, with emergent codes added during analysis. The extracted data is then organized in Excel, sorted by code, participant, and order of appearance. The process emphasizes iterative interpretation and comparison with existing literature to refine thematic understanding. Before coding, the presenter explains the importance of preparing and improving the transcript for clarity. This includes formatting (bolding questions, italicizing additional notes), and using the "read aloud" feature to identify ambiguous sections. The presenter demonstrates how to improve clarity by adding context and using square brackets to indicate their own edits.This segment details the practical coding process. The presenter demonstrates how to copy codes from the code book (to avoid typos) and add them as Word comments to relevant sections of the transcript. The presenter highlights the process of identifying appropriate codes for different sections of the text, referencing the code book descriptions when unsure.The presenter illustrates how to handle situations where the existing code book doesn't cover all aspects of the data. This involves creating new codes ("emergent codes") directly from the data, differentiating them from the "theoretical codes" or "prior codes" from the literature review. A method for visually distinguishing between these code types is shown (changing font color). The initial step in thematic analysis involves creating a code book by identifying relevant topics to answer research questions, typically through a literature review. The presenter demonstrates a pre-prepared code book, emphasizing the importance of clear code definitions and descriptions to ensure consistent coding. This segment showcases the foundational element of the analysis process. This segment demonstrates a practical, accessible method for conducting thematic analysis in qualitative research using readily available software like Microsoft Word and Excel, offering a solution for researchers without specialized software like NVivo. The presenter demonstrates how to sort the data in Excel to group comments by code, participant, and order of appearance. This facilitates the identification of recurring themes and patterns within the data. The presenter shows how to select a specific code for deeper analysis.This segment focuses on the in-depth analysis of a single code ("conditional use"). The presenter demonstrates how to extract all text related to this code, and how to iteratively read and interpret this text to identify key themes and insights. The presenter emphasizes the importance of multiple readings and using text-to-speech for deeper understanding.The presenter explains the process of developing generalizable interpretations from the analyzed data. This involves identifying key points, creating interpretations, and relating them back to the literature. The presenter distinguishes between codes and themes, explaining that themes are higher-level interpretations derived from the analysis of codes.This concluding segment highlights the advantages of using a code-based approach for thematic analysis, especially when dealing with a large volume of data from multiple transcripts. The presenter emphasizes the efficiency and practicality of this method compared to manually interpreting all transcripts. This section demonstrates the use of a VBA macro to extract all coded comments from the Word document into a new document. The presenter explains how to access and run the macro, resulting in a new document containing all the extracted coded text. This step is crucial for moving to the data analysis stage.The presenter explains how to transfer the extracted data from Word to Excel, clean the data (removing unnecessary columns, adding participant identifiers), and address issues arising from multi-paragraph codes. This segment focuses on data preparation for efficient sorting and analysis in Excel. see the description when user talks about beam from it. uh, comparative information richness compared 2d, right? That is, the more than drains, right? But if you come to be for coordination, you can see, including interoperability and class detection. So that is how I had defined the code. So I can use that code. So beam for coordination. So this is the process I should follow in coding this transcript. I jump to this paragraph to explain, uh, another important thing in this cording. If you look at this paragraph, it contains several important topics under this research. So if I take from here, everyone in office was talking about it, especially the younger guys fresh out of university, they were all excited about learning, revit and all. so that, about how others were doing and how this respondent was influenced by that. What he did was uh, trying it himself, right? right? So that part is also therefore important. So I highlight the whole thing and add the new comment and take the code, the influence of others. Here, I have this code influence. Then we have another interesting point here, that is the trialing, right? You can see even I tried to learned it myself, right? So it talks about trying by himself, so we can code it for trial. So when I go through my code book, there is no code coming from my literature review for this trial in idea. So I will need a new code for that. Now I go and add a new code, a new line, I could call it trial and experiment. I can also add a description to that, because, uh, I have to be clearer what it is, right? So I will include description here, right? Pilot projects and experimental Beim implementations to be clear what it means. Now I can code it, uh, to this text, I copy this because I'm going to code it anyway. Then come here and I'm going to select this part. Only this part. Now I want to code it. So, but if I try to code it, you can see by right click here it says go to comment. So I can't, uh, say add a new comment, but I want this to be a new comment. So I can go to review step. And from there, select a new command. So add it as a new command, got it. Now, the trial and experiment is there influence of others are there. Now we can see, uh, these two comments are overlapping since this new code is identified from the data that is from the respondent's explanations. Uh, this is a new code appearing. And these codes are called emergent codes that is emerging from the data. And the other codes that I used from, or I found through the literature review are called theoretical codes or prior codes to distinguish between prior codes and the emergent codes, it is better to use some differentiation. So I can select this and probably change its color, the text font comments. Two columns are not needed. So I delete those. And here you can see there are several multi paragraph codes. That's why there are spaces. So I have to fill these gaps by copying the code from, I have to add, uh, the participants name. So in addition to this, I will want to keep the same order of the text. So for that reason, I will insert an additional column, right? So, uh, for you, actually you may have 10, 12, or maybe 20, uh, transcript, right? So you have to do this for each of those transcripts and bring those here. So I will do only with two transcripts And uh, now I will use additional reference here, Keep the order when I want to sort it consecutive numbers. Hope you got the idea. So there are 100 different comments extracted from two documents. Now, it's time to, s, I will make this a little larger for you polarity. So we are going to now sort this text under the codes. So to do that, we select the whole spreadsheet. Okay, then go to data tab and select soRD, Since we are coding, uh, sorting under the code. Uh, so we tick here because our first line is not data, and they are headers. So then we first sort it under the code, then we Right? So to all the new, uh, codes, I'm finding through this data, I will use this color, because data, then I can distinguish between the theoretical or the prior codes and the iment codes. I have already completed coding this document once, so I will open it. Now, this is a document fully coded, and this is the updated code code book with new emergent codes added. Now, we are ready to extract the commented text. To do that, we will use this macro created by Len Fredberg, while in the coded word document press. alter F11, which will open you the VP editor, go to insert new module. Now from the text document, which I have shared, copy all and paste it here. press save. So it will give you a warning that this has to be saved as macro enabled document. Yes, Without that, the macro will not be saved. So instead of saving as a macro free document, uh, we go, we select no, and save as macro enabled document. Now the macro is there, so you're ready to extract comments. you can run it from here or you can close it and come to the, maybe to the the view tab and select macros view macros, select this macro extract, commments to new doc, click on, run, say yes, so we receive it in a new document And 58 comments has been exported here. Next step is to take this to Excel for sorting to do this, uh, we will use the table selection table movement handle that appears on the top left corner of a table, and you click inside of the table, you can see this plus right symbol here. So when you click there, it will select the whole table. So you can copy then open a new Excel file on the first Cale, right, click and paste, matching, the destination, format it in a manner that you can easily view the things. Now we are ready to sort this, but before we do that, certain unnecessary things, we can, uh, remove, uh, this coding date author is not needed. So we can remove that, but we need to add something that is the participant, the identity. So for some of you might use R1, R2. Likewise for, to identify your study participants to keep the confidentiality, I use a coded name or pud name. This participant was known as Noah. But so I copy the name NOA throughout the, then there are few other adjustments I have to do. You can see there are some, uh, blank lines, right? So these appear because I have coded more than one paragraph, right? This, that is why this appears. If you have more than one paragraph, and actually that par, if that paragraph appears here, then it is better to copy this and this code because that is also Rel on to that. However, since this one is empty, I simply delete it. Hope you got my thing. So assume there was some text here, right? So that means actually it is, uh, the next paragraph after this, uh, sentence, which I have coded for the same code here. That's why I copy the same code here and also the page number here. Okay. but in this case, I delete it. So I have to check if there are anything. So usually if we have had that, this, uh, page number column will have spaces and also the code colum will have the spaces, right? So the, the macro has not been specifically created for this kind of analysis. It is a simple macro for extract commands. So that's why it call it says command text. So you can, uh, rename it to code. then we can say the text here. right? So, so code and the relevant text is there. Okay. so this is, uh, from, uh, one transcript, you have to do this for all the transcripts, Okay, to, to show this, I will do it for one more transcript quickly. Here, I want to show you something in this, uh, transcript, you will see that this respondent has given uh, short answers because of that I have even called ED my question because without my question, some short answers are not clear. So for that reason, I have coded along with my question. now I will extract these comments.