The instructor explains the rationale behind choosing FastAPI as the web framework, highlighting its speed, ease of use for API development, and built-in auto-documentation features. The selection of PostgreSQL as the database and SQLAlchemy as the ORM is also justified, emphasizing their popularity and suitability for Python projects. This segment details the comprehensive SQL coverage in the course, starting from the basics and progressing to advanced concepts like primary keys, foreign keys, and table constraints. The instructor emphasizes practical application, enabling students to generate database schemas and SQL queries effectively, even without prior SQL knowledge. This 19-hour Python API course uses FastAPI to build a fully featured social media API. It covers SQL (from basics to advanced queries), database migrations (Alembic), testing, deployment (Ubuntu/Heroku/Docker), and CI/CD (GitHub Actions). Includes authentication, CRUD operations, schema validation, and API documentation.