Day-8 | Azure Networking Interview Questions | Scenario Based Interview Questions | #azure #devops

This Azure Zero to Hero episode covers interview questions on cloud fundamentals, resources, resource groups, VMs, virtual networks, NSGs, ASGs, and firewalls. Key differences between NSGs and ASGs, stateful vs. stateless NSGs, and Azure firewall vs. NSG are explained. The video also discusses resource group advantages, Azure user data vs. custom data, App Gateway vs. load balancer, and secure access via Azure Bastion. This segment clarifies the distinction between Network Security Groups (NSGs) and Application Security Groups (ASGs) in Azure, emphasizing that they are not direct equivalents of AWS security concepts. The explanation uses a practical scenario involving multiple applications and a database to illustrate how ASGs enhance NSG functionality by enabling rule application to groups of virtual machines rather than individual IP addresses, simplifying management and scalability. This segment presents a scenario-based question focusing on blocking access to a database virtual machine from a specific subnet within a virtual network. It highlights the default "allow VNet inbound" rule in NSGs and explains how to create a higher-priority rule to override the default and selectively deny traffic from the specified subnet, demonstrating a practical application of NSG rule prioritization. This segment explains the stateful nature of Azure Network Security Groups (NSGs). Using the example of allowing inbound traffic on port 80 for a web application, it demonstrates how NSGs implicitly allow the return traffic (response) even without explicit outbound rules, contrasting this behavior with stateless security groups in other cloud platforms. This segment details the benefits of using Azure Resource Groups beyond their mandatory role in resource organization. It covers aspects like logical grouping for lifecycle management, simplified access control (RBAC), cost tracking, and template deployment, providing a comprehensive overview of their practical advantages in project management and resource organization.This segment differentiates between Azure user data and custom data, clarifying their distinct functionalities and uses. It explains that custom data executes scripts only once during VM creation, while user data persists throughout the VM's lifecycle, even after restarts, highlighting the advantages of each in different deployment scenarios and dispelling common misconceptions based on comparisons with AWS. This segment presents a scenario-based interview question focusing on explaining the traffic flow to an application deployed in a web subnet within an ideal Azure virtual network setup. The speaker details the configuration of a firewall with NAT rules, NSGs (Network Security Groups) for traffic control, and a Bastion service for secure remote access by DevOps engineers. This provides a comprehensive approach to securing and accessing applications in a virtual network, suitable for interview preparation. This segment uses a practical three-tier application example to clarify the difference between L7 (App Gateway) and L4 (Azure Load Balancer) load balancers. It explains the functionalities of each, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of layer 7 routing (HTTP host-based and path-based routing) versus layer 4 IP address-based routing in terms of cost, processing time, and capabilities. The speaker emphasizes that while a detailed explanation will be provided in a dedicated class, this segment offers a concise overview.